optical circuit switching

(1) circuit switching: Before communication, a physical channel exclusive to both parties must be established between the two parties (composed of the switching devices and links of both parties ), therefore, it has the following advantages and disadvantages. Advantages: ① Because the communication line is dedicated to users of both parties, the data transmission

, then, the Air Separation switching technology is used for link exchange at all levels, and the destination end outputs the corresponding optical signals by using the wavelength division switching technology. Then, the signals are merged and output separately. Common exchange technologies include air division-Time Division mixing, Air Division-wavelength divisio

In modern communication networks, dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) optical transmission networks make full use of the huge bandwidth resources of optical fiber to meet the explosive growth needs of various communication services. However, the transmission and exchange of high-quality data services still adopt multi-layer network architecture solutions such as IP over ATM and IP over SDH, which

circuit switching and packet switching, these mature technologies, in contrast to the burst switching technology is little known, of course, from the exchange of granularity, switching mode (through or storage forwarding), network bandwidth resources, such as the reservatio

the statuses are normal, the charging can be performed, and the back-level load regulator works normally.. This is becauseWhen the charging management IC is powered on, it needs to detect the status of batThe input pin of the ldos is also connected to the branch connecting the bat and the lithium battery cathode, which will affect the working status of the bat pin, causing the charging management IC to enter the streaming charging phase. Connect the bat pin and the voltage input of the Charging

Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) technology provides a huge transmission capacity for communication networks, and gradually becomes the mainstream transmission technology. With the maturation of DWDM technology and the rapid growth of transmission capacity, the pressure of traditional electronic switching system is increasing, and the introduction of optical

Group First, let's look at the concept of the next grouping. The so-called grouping is to divide a packet into smaller packets. For example, for a 10GB packet, it is not always a one-time delivery of the past bar, but it is divided into a number of small packets sent past. Structure diagram for each block of data:File headers are typically descriptive data, such as source and destination addresses, data types, and so on. The data part is what is really going to be communicated to the objectCircu

The most basic switching unit in optical burst switching technology is burst data. Meanwhile, BCP and burst data in OBS are separated on the physical channel, and each control group corresponds to a burst data. With the rapid growth of IP services around the world, the demand for transmission network bandwidth and switch system capacity is increasing at an unprec

1-2-2. Output Voltage filter circuit of the tandem switch power supplyMost of the output of the switching power supply is DC voltage. Therefore, the output circuit of the general switching power supply has a rectifying and filtering circuit. Figure 1-2 shows the working prin

1-6-3. Calculation of circuit parameters of the switch power supply of the forward-facing TransformerThe circuit parameter calculation of the switching power supply of the excited transformer mainly calculates the energy storage filter inductance, the energy storage filter capacitor, and the parameters of the switching

the interference signal is not passed;Does not affect the reception of useful signals;In a dark environment, AGC controls the CGA gain to a large number, but ensures no spontaneous output.The above is the work principle of the infrared receiver head, according to the circuit analysis of the infrared receiver head, million light agent super-Yi Electronic main push infrared receiver Head IRM3638 series, if the infrared receiver head of the technical ad

Intelligent Optical Networks are still quite common. So I have studied the network interface technology of users in the automatic switching Intelligent Optical Networks. I would like to share it with you here and hope it will be useful to you. To establish a dynamic connection between a client, such as an IP address, an ATM, or a SONET device, and an

characteristics of high voltage regulation precision, no use of power transformers, etc, it is an ideal regulated power supply. Because of this, switching type regulated power supply has been widely used in a variety of electronic equipment, this paper describes the working principle of various types of switching power supply.I. basic working principle of On/Off regulated power supplySwitch-type regulated

Overview With the development of science and technology, power electronic equipment and people's work, life, and the relationship between the increasingly close, and electronic equipment can not be separated from the reliable power supply, so the DC switching power supply began to play a more and more important role, and successively entered a variety of electronic, electrical equipment fields, program-controlled control equipment, such as power supp

1-7-2. Transition Process of switching power supply circuitWe have analyzed all the switching power supply circuits and seldom mentioned the concept of circuit transition. In fact, in the switching power supply circuit, the changes of current and voltage in the